Diseases of soybean: diagnostics, biocontrol, prevention

Work number - M 33 AWARDED

Submitted by D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the NASU Authors: Bulyhina T.V., Hnatyuk T.T., KyslynskaA.S., Boiko M.V.

Timely and qualitative assessment of the agrocenoses phytosanitary condition is the basis for protection of soybean crops and the technologies for their growing. Along with this, the actual question is establishing the mechanisms of interaction of various bacteria with the host plant. Description various effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at the molecular level on plants is a necessary step to understanding the signal transduction mechanisms by which LPS initiates these processes. To solve the problem of protecting soybean crops from diseases by using soil microorganisms, pre-sowing treatment of seeds is important. On the basis of recent studies, bacteria from the genus Bacillus can be considered promising from the point of view of creating microbial preparations. It has been established that application of fungi-endophytes in agricultural production plays an important role in preserving the biodiversity of communities, reducing the degree of soil degradation caused by excessive using insecticides.

The aim of the work is monitoring soybean diseases, identify pathogens, elucidate the mechanisms of interaction between pathogens and host plants and development of preventive means to control pests.

During the period from 2010 to 2017, 1729 samples of soybean plants with characteristic bacterial lesions were analyzed, of which 1271 isolates were obtained, and after bacteriological analysis, for further work 860 strains were selected. Systematic observations of the infectious process development during the vegetation period made it possible to determine the general regularities of the spread of the causative agent of the soybean stem mollidity depending on the phase of plant development. It was established that the structures of Pantoea agglomerans 8674^т, 7604 and 7969 lipids A are heterogeneous and characterized by different degrees of acylation and are represented by hexa-, penta- and tetracylated types. It was established that the O-specific polysaccharide (OPS) structure of three P. agglomerans strain is represented by branched and linear heteropolymer. Saprotrophic fungus Chaetomium сochliodes 3250 is able to synthesize enzymes of the cellulase complex: exogluconase (0.67 units/ml), endogluconase (0.52 units/ml), β-glucosidase (1.02 units / ml), which can ensure its penetration into the plant roots. It has been shown that C. сochliodes 3250 is able to produce 2,4 epibrasinolide, which plays an important role in plant resistance to pathogens, and ergosterol; phytohormonal substances: indole-acetic acid (8.7 μg/ml KF) and gibberellic acid (56.4 μg/ml KF). Indolyl-3-acetic acid and ergosterol can be the main mediator molecules in the formation of C. сochliodes 3250 symbiotic systems with plants.The research results of the strainBacillusthuringiensis 87/₃antifungal properties against phytopathogenic micromycetesFusariumspp., Venturia spp. in laboratory conditions showed that the strain tested could be usedsuccessfully in the phytopathogens control system.

Publications related to this work: 20, including 2 monographs, 1 methodical recommendation, 17 articles (6 in international journals). According to the Scopus database, the total number of references to the author's publications presented in the work is 11, the h-index (at work) = 2; according to Google Shcolar - 33 references, h-index = 4. Based on the experimental results, 2 PhD thesis was defended

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