Work number - M 6 FILED
Presented M.S. Polyakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the NAS of Ukraine
Authors:
1. KURILOV Vladyslav Serhiiovych – Doctor of Philosophy, Junior Research Scientist at the M.S. Polyakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the NAS of Ukraine
This work addresses an important scientific and practical problem: determining the physical characteristics of both loose and moist masses of fly ash, identifying patterns in the changes of hydraulic characteristics and parameters of compressed sedimentation and particle flotation in upward flows depending on the density of suspensions, and establishing rational hydraulic separation parameters for extracting silicate raw materials with a low carbon content from thermal power plant (TPP) fly ash. This approach is crucial for increasing the efficiency of developing man-made deposits, reducing the use of primary resources, lowering the load on ash disposal sites, mitigating their negative environmental impact, and contributing to the sustainable development of industrial regions in Ukraine.
For the first time, this study establishes how changes in the hydraulic characteristics of ash suspensions depend on their density, enabling the development of mathematical correlation models to analyze and forecast compressed sedimentation processes of ash particles. The study identifies the patterns of compressed sedimentation of carbon-containing and aluminosilicate fractions over a wide range of ash suspension densities and determines the limitations to the use of Stokes’ law in describing these processes, along with the relevant coefficients.
The practical significance of the work is supported by the development of engineering methodologies, algorithms, and software for calculating the characteristics of fine suspensions, in particular the rate of compressed particle sedimentation in ash suspensions. The experimental methods for measuring solid-phase density and particle sedimentation rate have been improved, and the optimal parameters for hydro-separation of ash suspensions and their individual size classes have been identified.
Furthermore, the work proposes new technological schemes for processing fly ash from thermal power plants based on the established patterns of these processes. These schemes have led to new methods and technical solutions protected by six Ukrainian patents. Such developments enhance the efficiency of utilizing ash as a secondary raw material for the construction industry.
Based on research on fly ash from the Prydniprovsk TPP, technical proposals and recommendations have been developed for processing both current (dry) and stockpiled fly ash from thermal power plants. The technical proposals include equipment configuration, operating modes, and technological and water-sludge processing flows, as well as recommendations for operating a pilot-industrial site for ash processing at a capacity of 10–57 t/h. Two grades of construction raw materials with a carbon content of 5–6% were obtained, suitable for producing concrete, bricks, and other products. The site’s capacity is 10–57 t/h for current ash and 10–27 t/h for stored ash. The total yield of construction raw materials is 60–70% of the initial ash volume. The expected economic benefit is 2.3 million UAH per year for current ash and 1.75 million UAH per year for stored ash. Currently, there are no domestic industrial sites in operation suitable for direct comparison. According to the American Coal Ash Association, the level of processing for all coal combustion by-products in the United States is 40–60%. In European countries, the volume of processing is comparable or even higher, as ash is used as an additive in the production of construction mixtures. In Finland, the processing level of TPP waste is close to 90%.
Number of publications: ngle-author monographs (textbooks, manuals), co-authored monographs (textbooks, manuals), including those published abroad; 1 article in journals listed in Category “A” (including those in foreign journals) and 7 articles in journals listed in Category “B”; conference abstracts. The total number of citations of the authors’ publications/the h-index for this work according to the databases is as follows: Web of Science – / ; Scopus – 1 / 1; Google Scholar – 1 / 2. Obtained – patents for invention in Ukraine and – in other countries, 5 utility model patents, an industrial design (for socio-humanities: certificates of copyright registration), or other intellectual property rights.
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